The Hidden Toll of Air Travel: What Flying Does to Your Body
As summer approaches and thoughts turn to holidays abroad, many of us are eagerly anticipating sun-drenched beaches and exciting cultural experiences. However, the journey itself – particularly air travel – can take a surprising toll on our health. Flying, while convenient, isn’t exactly a natural activity for the human body. We weren’t designed to soar through the air in a metal tube at hundreds of miles per hour, and this unnatural mode of transport can have some rather peculiar effects.
So, what actually happens to our bodies when we take to the skies? Let’s explore some of the key physiological and psychological changes that can occur during a flight.
Physiological Effects: A Body Under Pressure
One study published in a scientific journal revealed that cabin pressure at cruising altitude can actually lower blood pressure and increase heart rate, even in young and healthy individuals. These effects are compounded by alcohol consumption, leading researchers to suggest limiting or avoiding alcoholic drinks during flights.
Dr Stephen Hughes, a senior lecturer and emergency medicine consultant, explains that numerous physical and psychological alterations occur during flight, largely due to the altitude. Commercial aeroplanes typically cruise at around 35,000 feet. Without pressurisation, oxygen levels would drop rapidly, leading to unconsciousness. To combat this, aircraft are pressurised to simulate an altitude of approximately 6,000-8,000 feet, similar to being halfway up a mountain.
Beyond changes in blood pressure and heart rate, other common experiences include:
- Ear Popping: Pressure changes during take-off and landing can cause discomfort and that familiar ‘popping’ sensation.
- Dry Eyes: Reduced humidity levels in the cabin can lead to dry and irritated eyes.
- Bloating: Gases in the stomach expand as the plane ascends, leading to bloating and discomfort.
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Prolonged immobility during long-haul flights can increase the risk of blood clots forming in deep veins.
- Skin Changes: Dehydration and low humidity can leave skin feeling dry and tight.
The Mental Impact: Stress Takes Flight
The impact on mental health shouldn’t be ignored. Anxious flyers may experience a surge in stress hormones, leading to hyperventilation and an increased heart rate. This can be particularly problematic for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.
While medical emergencies during flights are relatively rare compared to the sheer volume of air travel, the physical strain of flying can contribute to these incidents.
Staying Safe in the Skies: Practical Tips for a Healthier Flight
Despite the potential effects of flying, there are several simple steps you can take to enhance your safety and comfort onboard:
- Hydrate, Hydrate, Hydrate: Drink plenty of water to combat dehydration. While frequent trips to the aeroplane toilet might not be ideal, your body will thank you for it. Hydration helps keep your skin moisturised, reduces headaches and nausea, maintains blood pressure, and can even alleviate bloating.
- Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently and clean surfaces like tray tables with antibacterial wipes. Aeroplanes can be breeding grounds for germs due to low humidity, so maintaining good hand hygiene is crucial.
- Combat Ear Popping: Chewing gum or sipping a drink during take-off and landing can help equalise the pressure in your ears. Swallowing opens the Eustachian tube, allowing air to enter and relieve the pressure.
- Move Around: Even on long-haul flights, try to get up and stretch your legs in the aisle. Simple yoga exercises can also help maintain blood circulation and minimise the risk of blood clots.
- Consider Compression Socks: Wearing compression socks can provide an extra layer of protection against DVT, especially on longer flights.
- Nourish Your Body: Eating a healthy snack can help soothe your digestive system and keep your blood sugar levels stable. Bananas are a good option due to their high magnesium and potassium content, and they are also easy to digest.
- Consult Your Doctor: If you have any underlying health concerns, consult your doctor before flying to discuss any potential risks and precautions.
By taking these simple steps, you can mitigate the negative effects of air travel and enjoy a safer, more comfortable journey to your holiday destination.